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Harvard Reference Style

An introduction to the Harvard referencing system with reference formats & examples. This variation of Harvard Reference Style is compiled by Nelson Mandela University Library and Information Services.

Films (Motion pictures): Reference format

A  basic reference list entry for an online film:

  • Primary contributor or contributors with their contribution identified in round brackets (e.g. the Producer)
  • Year of publication
  • Title (in italics)
  • Format of work [in square brackets]
  • Available: URL [Date of access]

 

Example:

Kohler, W., Davidson, K., Knopfler, W. & DiCaprio, L. (Producers) & Ladkani, R., Davidson, K. (Directors). 2016. The ivory game [Video file]. Available: http://www.netflix.com [8 July 2017].

Film reference

 

Films (Motion pictures): Examples

 
TYPE REFERENCE LIST IN-TEXT CITATION
Film (Motion Picture)

Components:

Name of producer (Producer) & Name of director (Director). Year. Title of motion picture [Motion picture]. Country of Origin: Studio.

 

Example:

Burton, T. (Producer) & Selick, H. (Director). 1993. The nightmare before Christmas [Motion picture]. United States: Touchstone.

 

Notes:

List the primary contributors in the author position, and use parentheses to identify their contribution.

 

Example:

 … (Burton & Selick, 1993).

 In this film Burton and Selick (1993) demonstrated …

Online Film (Motion picture)

Components:

Name of producer (Producer) & Name of Director (Director). Year. Title of motion picture [Medium: DVD, video file, etc.]. Available: URL [Date of access].

 

Example:

Kohler, W., Davidson, K., Knopfler, W. & DiCaprio, L. (Producers) & Ladkani, R., Davidson, K. (Directors). 2016. The ivory game [Video file]. Available: http://www.netflix.com [8July 2017].

 

 

Notes:

List the primary contributors in the author position, and use parentheses to identify their contribution.

Provide the URL for the site from which you acquired the content. If the content is behind a log-in screen or a paywall (e.g., Netflix), or if the content is easily available by search, provide the home page URL of the site to avoid nonworking URLs.

 

 

 

 

 

Example:

 … (Kohler, Davidson, Knopfler, DiCaprio, Ladkani & Davidson, 2016).

 In this film Kohler et al. (2016) proved …

 

 

Notes:

When a motion picture has three or more primary contributors, cite all the contributors the first time the reference occurs, but in subsequent citations only use the first contributor’s last name followed by “et al.”

 

 

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