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Harvard Reference Style

An introduction to the Harvard referencing system with reference formats & examples. This variation of Harvard Reference Style is compiled by Nelson Mandela University Library and Information Services.

Social media: Reference formats & examples

Social media websites include Facebook, Twitter, Google+, Tumblr, Instagram, etc.

You may want to cite examples or mention these popular sites in a research paper, but most likely you will not use these sites exclusively in a research paper.

The required elements for a social media reference are:

  • Author(s)
  • Year
  • Title of page [Social media type]
  • Day and month of post
  • Available: URL [Date of access]

 

Social Media: Examples
TYPE REFERENCE LIST IN-TEXT CITATION
Facebook page

Components:

Author. Year. Title of page [Facebook]. Day and month of post. Available: URL [Date of access].

 

Example:

Ngomso, D. 2017. SA Concerned Consumer Group [Facebook]. 13 January. Available: https://www.facebook.com/groups/6814981679260616 [15 January 2017].

 

Examples:

 

… (Ngomso, 2017).

 

Ngomso (2017) said …

 

Twitter

Components:

Author. Year. Full text of tweet [Twitter]. Day and month of post. Available: URL [Date of access].

 

Example:

Blake, S. 2017. Energising development with Jatropha curcas? Biofuel reflections from Mali in @PracticalAction briefing paper [Twitter]. 27 March. Available: https://twitter.com/SBlake [28 March 2017].

 

Notes:

The full text of the tweet is in italics.

Examples:

 

Blake (2017) …

… (Blake, 2017).
Blog entry

Components:

Author. Year. Title of blog entry. Title of blog. [Blog]. Day and month of blog entry. Available: URL [Date of access].

 

Example:

Buesseler, K. 2018. This twilight zone is dark, watery, and yes, also full of intrigue. Earth right now [Blog]. 21 Aug. Available: https://climate.nasa.gov/blog/2788/this-twilight-zone-is-dark-watery-and-yes-also-full-of-intrigue/ [29 Aug 2018].

 

 

Notes:

The title of the blog is in italics and not the title of the blog entry.

 

Examples:

 

 

Buesseler (2018) agreed …

 

… (Buesseler, 2018).

 

 

 

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